Civil War

During the Civil War (1861–65) Ohio played a key role in providing troops, military officers, and supplies to the Union army. Due to its central location and burgeoning population, Ohio was both politically and logistically important to the war effort. Despite the state's boasting a number of very powerful Republican politicians, it was divided politically. Portions of Southern Ohio followed the Peace Democrats under Clement Vallandigham and openly opposed President Lincoln's policies. Ohio played an important part in the Underground Railroad prior to the war, and remained a haven for escaped and runaway slaves during the war years.

The third most populous state in the Union at the time, Ohio raised nearly 320,000 soldiers for the Union army, third behind only New York and Pennsylvania. Nearly 7,000 Buckeye soldiers were killed in action. Several leading generals were from the state, including Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman, and Philip H. Sheridan.

Only two minor battles were fought within its borders. Morgan's Raid in the summer of 1863 alarmed the populace. Ohio troops fought in nearly every major campaign during the war.

Prison camps

Its most significant Civil War site is Johnson's Island, located in Sandusky Bay of Lake Erie. Barracks and outbuildings were constructed for a prisoner of war depot, intended chiefly for officers. Over three years more than 15,000 Confederate men were held there. The island includes a Confederate cemetery where about 300 men were buried.

Camp Chase Prison was a Union Army prison in Columbus. There was a plot among prisoners to revolt and escape in 1863. The prisoners expected support from Copperheads and Vallandigham, but never did revolt.

Ohio Civil War Regiments

1st Ohio Infantry     2nd Ohio Infantry     3rd Ohio Infantry     4th Ohio Infantry     5th Ohio Infantry     6th Ohio Infantry     7th Ohio Infantry     8th Ohio Infantry     9th Ohio Infantry     10th Ohio Infantry     11th Ohio Infantry     12th Ohio Infantry     13th Ohio Infantry     14th Ohio Infantry     15th Ohio Infantry     16th Ohio Infantry     17th Ohio Infantry     18th Ohio Infantry     19th Ohio Infantry     20th Ohio Infantry     21st Ohio Infantry     22nd Ohio Infantry     23rd Ohio Infantry     24th Ohio Infantry     25th Ohio Infantry     26th Ohio Infantry     27th Ohio Infantry     28th Ohio Infantry     29th Ohio Infantry     30th Ohio Infantry     31st Ohio Infantry     32nd Ohio Infantry     33rd Ohio Infantry     34th Ohio Infantry     35th Ohio Infantry     36th Ohio Infantry     37th Ohio Infantry     38th Ohio Infantry     39th Ohio Infantry     40th Ohio Infantry     41st Ohio Infantry

42nd Ohio Infantry     43rd Ohio Infantry     44th Ohio Infantry     45th Ohio Infantry     46th Ohio Infantry     47th Ohio Infantry     48th Ohio Infantry     49th Ohio Infantry     50th Ohio Infantry     51st Ohio Infantry     52nd Ohio Infantry     53rd Ohio Infantry     54th Ohio Infantry     55th Ohio Infantry     56th Ohio Infantry     57th Ohio Infantry     58th Ohio Infantry     59th Ohio Infantry     60th Ohio Infantry     61st Ohio Infantry     62nd Ohio Infantry     63rd Ohio Infantry     64th Ohio Infantry     65th Ohio Infantry     66th Ohio Infantry     67th Ohio Infantry     68th Ohio Infantry     69th Ohio Infantry     70th Ohio Infantry     71st Ohio Infantry     72nd Ohio Infantry     73rd Ohio Infantry     74th Ohio Infantry     75th Ohio Infantry     76th Ohio Infantry     77th Ohio Infantry     78th Ohio Infantry     79th Ohio Infantry     80th Ohio Infantry     81st Ohio Infantry     82nd Ohio Infantry

83rd Ohio Infantry     84th Ohio Infantry     85th Ohio Infantry     86th Ohio Infantry     87th Ohio Infantry     88th Ohio Infantry     89th Ohio Infantry     90th Ohio Infantry     91st Ohio Infantry     92nd Ohio Infantry     93rd Ohio Infantry     94th Ohio Infantry     95th Ohio Infantry     96th Ohio Infantry     97th Ohio Infantry     98th Ohio Infantry     99th Ohio Infantry     100th Ohio Infantry     101st Ohio Infantry     102nd Ohio Infantry     103rd Ohio Infantry     104th Ohio Infantry     105th Ohio Infantry     106th Ohio Infantry     107th Ohio Infantry     108th Ohio Infantry     109th Ohio Infantry     110th Ohio Infantry     111th Ohio Infantry     113th Ohio Infantry     114th Ohio Infantry     115th Ohio Infantry     116th Ohio Infantry     117th Ohio Infantry     118th Ohio Infantry     119th Ohio Infantry

120th Ohio Infantry     121st Ohio Infantry     122nd Ohio Infantry     123rd Ohio Infantry     124th Ohio Infantry     125th Ohio Infantry     126th Ohio Infantry     127th Ohio Infantry     128th Ohio Infantry     129th Ohio Infantry     130th Ohio Infantry     131st Ohio Infantry     132nd Ohio Infantry     133rd Ohio Infantry     134th Ohio Infantry     135th Ohio Infantry     136th Ohio Infantry     137th Ohio Infantry     138th Ohio Infantry     139th Ohio Infantry     140th Ohio Infantry     141st Ohio Infantry     142nd Ohio Infantry     143rd Ohio Infantry     144th Ohio Infantry     145th Ohio Infantry     146th Ohio Infantry     147th Ohio Infantry     148th Ohio Infantry     149th Ohio Infantry     150th Ohio Infantry     151st Ohio Infantry     152nd Ohio Infantry     153rd Ohio Infantry     154th Ohio Infantry     155th Ohio Infantry     156th Ohio Infantry     157th Ohio Infantry     159th Ohio Infantry     160th Ohio Infantry     161st Ohio Infantry

162nd Ohio Infantry     163rd Ohio Infantry     164th Ohio Infantry     165th Ohio Infantry     166th Ohio Infantry     167th Ohio Infantry     168th Ohio Infantry     169th Ohio Infantry     170th Ohio Infantry     171st Ohio Infantry     172nd Ohio Infantry     173rd Ohio Infantry     174th Ohio Infantry     175th Ohio Infantry     176th Ohio Infantry     177th Ohio Infantry     178th Ohio Infantry     179th Ohio Infantry     180th Ohio Infantry     181st Ohio Infantry     182nd Ohio Infantry     183rd Ohio Infantry     184th Ohio Infantry     185th Ohio Infantry     186th Ohio Infantry     187th Ohio Infantry     188th Ohio Infantry     189th Ohio Infantry     191st Ohio Infantry     192nd Ohio Infantry     193rd Ohio Infantry     194th Ohio Infantry     195th Ohio Infantry     196th Ohio Infantry     197th Ohio Infantry

        

   Volunteer cavalry regiments

    1st Ohio Cavalry
    2nd Ohio Cavalry
    3rd Ohio Cavalry
    4th Ohio Cavalry

    5th Ohio Cavalry
    6th Ohio Cavalry
    7th Ohio Cavalry
    8th Ohio Cavalry

    9th Ohio Cavalry
    10th Ohio Cavalry
    11th Ohio Cavalry
    12th Ohio Cavalry
    13th Ohio Cavalry

Volunteer artillery
Ohio Independent Artillery Batteries

    1st Ohio Battery
    2nd Ohio Battery
    3rd Ohio Battery
    4th Ohio Battery
    5th Ohio Battery
    6th Ohio Battery
    7th Ohio Battery
    8th Ohio Battery
    9th Ohio Battery 

    10th Ohio Battery
    11th Ohio Battery
    12th Ohio Battery
    13th Ohio Battery
    14th Ohio Battery
    15th Ohio Battery
    16th Ohio Battery
    17th Ohio Battery
    18th Ohio Battery

    19th Ohio Battery
    20th Ohio Battery
    21st Ohio Battery
    22nd Ohio Battery
    24th Ohio Battery
    25th Ohio Battery
    26th Ohio Battery
    Paulsen's Independent Battery

1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery A, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery B, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery C, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery D, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery E, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery F, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery G, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery H, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery I, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery K, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery L, 1st Ohio Light Artillery
    Battery M, 1st Ohio Light Artillery

Ohio Heavy Artillery Regiments

    1st Ohio Heavy Artillery
    2nd Ohio Heavy Artillery

Other Ohio Volunteer Infantry Units

    Black Brigade of Cincinnati
    1st Battalion Ohio Sharpshooters
    1st Independent Company Sharpshooters
    2nd Independent Company Sharpshooters
    3rd Independent Company Sharpshooters
    4th Independent Company Sharpshooters
    5th Independent Company Sharpshooters
    6th Independent Company Sharpshooters
    7th Independent Company Sharpshooters (Sherman's Bodyguard)
    8th Independent Company Sharpshooters
    9th Independent Company Sharpshooters
    10th Independent Company Sharpshooters
    Captain Bard's Company
    Dennison Guards
    Trumbull Guards
    Wallace Guards
    Departmental Corps

Other Ohio Volunteer Cavalry Units

    1st Independent Battalion Cavalry, later 11th Ohio Cavalry
    2nd Independent Battalion Cavalry
    3rd Independent Battalion Cavalry
    4th Independent Battalion Cavalry
    5th Independent Battalion Cavalry
    McLaughlin's Independent Squadron Cavalry
    Blazer's Scouts
    3rd Independent Company Cavalry
    4th Independent Company Cavalry
    5th Independent Company Cavalry
    6th Independent Company Cavalry
    Burdsell's Independent Company Cavalry
    George's Independent Company Cavalry
    Ironton Independent Company Cavalry
    Harlan Light Cavalry
    Union Light Guard

Jacob Parrotts home which now is a museum

In 1886, the state authorized the creation of the Ohio Veterans Home in Sandusky and a second one created in 2003 in Georgetown to provide for soldiers facing economic hardship. Over 50,000 veterans have lived at the Sandusky location as of 2005. Since World War I, the state has paid stipends to veterans of wars, including recently authorizing funds for soldiers of the Gulf and Afghanistan wars. The state also provides free in-state tuition to any veteran regardless of state origin at their colleges.

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